Collision avoidance is a research area focused on developing systems and technologies that help prevent collisions between objects or vehicles in various environments, such as in air, road, or maritime transportation. These systems often use sensors, cameras, radar, or other technologies to detect nearby obstacles and provide feedback to the operator or automatically adjust the trajectory to avoid a potential collision. Collision avoidance research has applications in autonomous vehicles, drones, robotics, and other areas where the risk of collisions must be minimized to ensure safety and efficiency.